Kusamalira dzuwa, makamaka chitetezo cha dzuwa, ndi chimodzi mwazomagawo omwe akukula mwachangu pamsika wosamalira anthu.Komanso, chitetezo cha UV tsopano chikuphatikizidwa muzodzikongoletsera zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku (mwachitsanzo, zodzikongoletsera pakhungu ndi zodzoladzola zokongoletsera), popeza ogula amazindikira kuti kufunikira kodziteteza kudzuwa sikungogwira ntchito patchuthi cha gombe. .
Masiku ano chisamaliro cha dzuwa formulatorAyenera kukwaniritsa SPF yapamwamba komanso zovuta zachitetezo cha UVA, komanso kupanga mankhwala kaso mokwanira kulimbikitsa ogula kutsata, ndi okwera mtengo kuti angakwanitse mu nthawi zovuta zachuma.
Kuchita bwino ndi kukongola kwenikweni kumadalirana; kukulitsa mphamvu yazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumathandizira kuti zinthu zambiri za SPF zipangidwe ndi zosefera zochepa za UV. Izi zimathandiza formulator ufulu waukulu kukhathamiritsa khungu kumva. Mosiyana ndi izi, kukongola kwazinthu zabwino kumalimbikitsa ogula kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri motero amayandikira SPF yolembedwa.
Zochita Zoyenera Kuziganizira Posankha Zosefera za UV Zopanga Zodzikongoletsera
• Chitetezo kwa gulu lomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito- Zosefera zonse za UV zayesedwa kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndizotetezedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamutu; komabe anthu ena ozindikira amatha kukhala ndi ziwengo ku mitundu ina ya zosefera za UV.
• Kuchita bwino kwa SPF- Izi zimatengera kutalika kwa kutalika kwa kuyamwa kwakukulu, kukula kwa kuyamwa, komanso kufalikira kwa sipekitiramu yotulutsa.
• Kutetezedwa kokulirapo / UVA- Zopangira zamakono zodzitetezera ku dzuwa zimafunikira kuti zikwaniritse miyezo ina yoteteza UVA, koma zomwe nthawi zambiri sizimamveka bwino ndikuti chitetezo cha UVA chimathandizanso ku SPF.
• Chikoka pakumva khungu- Zosefera zosiyanasiyana za UV zimakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pakhungu; mwachitsanzo zosefera zina zamadzimadzi za UV zimatha kumva "zomata" kapena "zolemera" pakhungu, pomwe zosefera zosungunuka m'madzi zimapangitsa kuti khungu likhale louma.
• Kuwonekera pakhungu- Zosefera za inorganic ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono zimatha kuyambitsa kuyera pakhungu zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri; Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosafunika, koma m'malo ena (monga chisamaliro cha dzuwa la ana) zitha kuwoneka ngati mwayi.
• Photostability- Zosefera zingapo za organic UV zimawola zikakumana ndi UV, motero zimachepetsa mphamvu zawo; koma zosefera zina zingathandize kukhazikika zosefera za "photo-labile" ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuletsa kuwola.
• Kukana madzi- Kuphatikizika kwa zosefera za UV zokhala ndi madzi pamodzi ndi zopangira mafuta nthawi zambiri kumathandizira kwambiri SPF, koma zimatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwanitsa kukana madzi.
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UV Sefa Chemistries
Mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa nthawi zambiri amawaika ngati ma organic sunscreens kapena ma inorganic sunscreens. Zoteteza ku dzuwa zimayamwa mwamphamvu pamafunde enaake ndipo zimawonekera pakuwala kowonekera. Zoteteza ku dzuwa zimagwira ntchito powonetsa kapena kufalitsa cheza cha UV.
Tiyeni tiphunzire za iwo mozama:
Zodzitetezera ku dzuwa
Organic sunscreens amadziwikanso kutimankhwala oteteza dzuwa. Izi zimakhala ndi mamolekyu achilengedwe (opangidwa ndi kaboni) omwe amagwira ntchito ngati zoteteza ku dzuwa potengera kuwala kwa UV ndikusandutsa mphamvu ya kutentha.
Organic Sunscreens Mphamvu & Zofooka
Mphamvu | Zofooka |
Kukongola kodzikongoletsera - Zosefera zambiri za organic, zomwe zimakhala zamadzimadzi kapena zolimba zosungunuka, sizisiya zotsalira zowoneka pakhungu pambuyo pozipaka kuchokera pakupanga. | Sipekitiramu yopapatiza - zambiri zimangoteteza pamtunda wocheperako |
Zachilengedwe zachikhalidwe zimamveka bwino ndi opanga | "Cocktails" yofunikira pa SPF yapamwamba |
Zabwino lachangu pa otsika ndende | Mitundu ina yolimba imatha kukhala yovuta kusungunula ndikuyisunga mu njira yothetsera |
Mafunso okhudza chitetezo, kukwiya komanso kukhudzidwa kwachilengedwe | |
Zosefera zina organic ndi zosakhazikika chithunzi |
Organic sunscreens Mapulogalamu
Zosefera za organic zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse zoteteza dzuwa / UV koma sizingakhale zabwino pazopangira makanda kapena khungu lovutirapo chifukwa chotheka kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lawolo asokonezeke. Komanso sizoyenera kupangira zinthu zomwe zimati "zachilengedwe" kapena "organic" chifukwa zonse ndi mankhwala opangira.
Zosefera za Organic UV: Mitundu yama Chemical
PABA (para-amino benzoic acid) zotumphukira
• Chitsanzo: Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA
• Zosefera za UVB
• Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano chifukwa cha chitetezo
Salicylates
• Zitsanzo: Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Homosalate
• Zosefera za UVB
• Mtengo wotsika
• Kuchita bwino poyerekeza ndi zosefera zina zambiri
Cinnamates
• Zitsanzo: Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Iso-amyl Methoxycinnamate, Octocrylene
• Zosefera za UVB zogwira mtima kwambiri
• Octocrylene imatha kujambula zithunzi ndipo imathandizira kukhazikika kwa zosefera zina za UV, koma ma cinnamate ena amakonda kusawoneka bwino.
Benzophenones
• Zitsanzo: Benzophenone-3, Benzophenone-4
• Perekani mayamwidwe a UVB ndi UVA
• Kutsika kothandiza koma kumathandiza kulimbikitsa SPF pamodzi ndi zosefera zina
• Benzophenone-3 sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ku Ulaya masiku ano chifukwa cha chitetezo
Triazine ndi triazole zotumphukira
• Zitsanzo: Ethylhexyl triazone, bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine
• Zothandiza kwambiri
• Zina ndi zosefera za UVB, zina zimapereka chitetezo chokulirapo cha UVA/UVB
• Zabwino kwambiri photostability
• Zokwera mtengo
Zotumphukira za Dibenzoyl
• Zitsanzo: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDM), Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)
• Zotulutsa UVA zogwira mtima kwambiri
• BMDM ilibe photostability, koma DHHB imakhala yojambula kwambiri
Benzimidazole sulfonic acid zotumphukira
• Zitsanzo: Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), Disodium Phenyl Dibenzimidazole Tetrasulfonate (DPDT)
• Kusungunuka m'madzi (popanda mphamvu ndi maziko oyenera)
• PBSA ndi UVB fyuluta; DPDT ndi fyuluta ya UVA
• Nthawi zambiri amawonetsa ma synergies ndi zosefera zosungunuka mafuta zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mophatikiza
Zochokera ku camphor
• Chitsanzo: 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor
• Fyuluta ya UVB
• Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano chifukwa cha chitetezo
Anthranilates
• Chitsanzo: Menthel anthranilate
• Zosefera za UVA
• Kuchepa kwachangu
• Osavomerezeka ku Ulaya
Polysilicone - 15
• Silicone polima yokhala ndi ma chromophores mu unyolo wam'mbali
• Fyuluta ya UVB
Inorganic sunscreens
Ma sunscreens awa amadziwikanso kuti zoteteza dzuwa. Izi zimakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagwira ntchito ngati zoteteza ku dzuwa poyamwa ndi kumwaza ma radiation a UV. Inorganic sunscreens amapezeka ngati ufa wouma kapena pre-dispersions.
Inorganic sunscreens Mphamvu & Zofooka
Mphamvu | Zofooka |
Otetezeka / osakwiyitsa | Kuwona kwakusawoneka bwino (khungu ndi kuyera pakhungu) |
Sipekitiramu yotakata | Ufa ukhoza kukhala wovuta kupanga nawo |
High SPF (30+) ikhoza kukwaniritsidwa ndi imodzi yogwira (TiO2) | Inorganics adagwidwa muzokambirana za nano |
Dispersions ndizosavuta kuphatikiza | |
Zithunzi |
Inorganic Sunscreens Applications
Zodzitetezera ku dzuwa ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chilichonse cha UV kupatula zopangira zomveka bwino kapena zopopera za aerosol. Iwo ali oyenerera makamaka chisamaliro cha dzuwa la ana, mankhwala okhudzidwa ndi khungu, mankhwala omwe amapanga "zachilengedwe" zodzikongoletsera, ndi zodzoladzola zokongoletsera.
Zosefera za Inorganic UV Chemical Types
Titaniyamu dioxide
• Kwenikweni fyuluta ya UVB, koma magiredi ena amaperekanso chitetezo chabwino cha UVA
• Magiredi osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a tinthu, zokutira ndi zina.
• Magiredi ambiri amagwera m'malo a nanoparticles
• Tinthu ting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timaonekera kwambiri pakhungu koma sizipereka chitetezo chochepa cha UVA; zazikuluzikulu zimapereka chitetezo chochulukirapo cha UVA koma zimayera kwambiri pakhungu
Zinc oxide
• Makamaka fyuluta ya UVA; kuchepetsa mphamvu ya SPF kuposa TiO2, koma imapereka chitetezo chabwinoko kuposa TiO2 m'dera lalitali la "UVA-I"
• Magiredi osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a tinthu, zokutira ndi zina.
• Magiredi ambiri amagwera m'malo a nanoparticles
Performance / Chemistry matrix
Mtengo kuchokera -5 mpaka +5:
-5: zotsatira zoyipa | 0: palibe kanthu | +5: zotsatira zabwino kwambiri
(Zindikirani: pamtengo ndi kuyera, "zoyipa" zikutanthauza kuti mtengo kapena kuyera kwawonjezeka.)
Mtengo | SPF | UVA | Khungu Kumverera | Kuyera | Chithunzi-chokhazikika | Madzi | |
Benzophenone-3 | -2 | +4 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
Benzophenone-4 | -2 | +2 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine | -4 | +5 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
Butyl Methoxy-dibenzoylmethane | -2 | +2 | +5 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 |
Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate | -4 | +1 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone | -4 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
disodium Phenyl Dibenzimiazole Tetrasulfonate | -4 | +3 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA | -1 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate | -2 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -3 | +1 |
Ethylhexyl salicylate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
Ethylhexyl Triazone | -3 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
Homosalate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate | -3 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | +1 |
Mankhwala a menthyl anthranilate | -3 | +1 | +2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor | -3 | +3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol | -5 | +4 | +5 | -1 | -2 | +4 | -1 |
Octocrylene | -3 | +3 | +1 | -2 | 0 | +5 | 0 |
Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid | -2 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
Polysilicone - 15 | -4 | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | +3 | +2 |
Tris-biphenyl Triazine | -5 | +5 | +3 | -1 | -2 | +3 | -1 |
Titanium Dioxide - kalasi yowonekera | -3 | +5 | +2 | -1 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
Titaniyamu Dioxide - yotakata sipekitiramu kalasi | -3 | +5 | +4 | -2 | -3 | +4 | 0 |
Zinc oxide | -3 | +2 | +4 | -2 | -1 | +4 | 0 |
Zomwe Zimakhudza Kachitidwe ka Zosefera za UV
Mawonekedwe a titaniyamu woipa ndi zinc oxide amasiyana kwambiri kutengera momwe munthu amagwirira ntchito, mwachitsanzo. zokutira, mawonekedwe akuthupi (ufa, kubalalitsidwa kwamafuta, kubalalitsidwa kwamadzi).Ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kukambirana ndi ogulitsa asanasankhe giredi yoyenera kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo zantchito pamapangidwe awo.
Kuchita bwino kwa zosefera za UV zosungunuka ndi mafuta zimatengera kusungunuka kwake muzotulutsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Nthawi zambiri, polar emollients ndi zosungunulira zabwino kwambiri zosefera organic.
Kuchita kwa zosefera zonse za UV kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi machitidwe a rheological of the formulation komanso kuthekera kwake kupanga filimu yofanana, yolumikizana pakhungu. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa opanga mafilimu abwino ndi zowonjezera za rheological nthawi zambiri kumathandiza kuti zosefera zikhale bwino.
Kuphatikiza kosangalatsa kwa zosefera za UV (ma synergies)
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zosefera za UV zomwe zimawonetsa ma synergies. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri za synergistic nthawi zambiri zimatheka pophatikiza zosefera zomwe zimayenderana mwanjira ina, mwachitsanzo: -
• Kuphatikiza zosefera zosungunuka ndi mafuta (kapena zomwazikana) ndi zosefera zosungunuka m'madzi (kapena zomwazika madzi)
• Kuphatikiza zosefera za UVA ndi zosefera za UVB
• Kuphatikiza zosefera zopanda organic ndi zosefera organic
Palinso zosakaniza zina zomwe zingapereke ubwino wina, mwachitsanzo ndizodziwika bwino kuti octocrylene imathandiza kuti chithunzi chikhazikike bwino zosefera zina za photo-labile monga butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane.
Komabe, munthu ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse za luntha m'derali. Pali ma patent ambiri omwe amaphatikiza zosefera za UV ndipo opanga amalangizidwa kuti nthawi zonse awonetsetse kuti kuphatikiza komwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito sikuphwanya ma patent a gulu lachitatu.
Sankhani Zosefera Yabwino ya UV pakupanga Zodzikongoletsera
Zotsatirazi zikuthandizani kusankha zosefera zoyenera za UV pazodzikongoletsera zanu:
1. Khazikitsani zolinga zomveka bwino za momwe ntchitoyi ikuyendera, zokongoletsa komanso zomwe mukufuna kuti mupange.
2. Yang'anani kuti ndi zosefera ziti zomwe zimaloledwa pamsika womwe mukufuna.
3. Ngati muli ndi chassis yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito, ganizirani zosefera zomwe zingagwirizane ndi chassisyo. Komabe ngati kuli kotheka ndi bwino kusankha zosefera poyamba ndi kupanga mapangidwe mozungulira iwo. Izi ndizowona makamaka ndi zosefera za inorganic kapena particulate organic.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo ochokera kwa ogulitsa ndi/kapena zida zolosera monga BASF Sunscreen Simulator kuti muzindikire zophatikizira zomwe ziyenerakukwaniritsa cholinga cha SPFndi zolinga za UVA.
Zophatikizazi zitha kuyesedwa m'mapangidwe. Njira zoyesera za in-vitro SPF ndi UVA ndizothandiza pakadali pano kuwonetsa kuphatikiza komwe kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pakuchita bwino - zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito, kutanthauzira komanso zoletsa za mayesowa zitha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi maphunziro a SpecialChem e-training:UVA/SPF: Kukhathamiritsa Ma Protocol anu Oyesa
Zotsatira za mayeso, pamodzi ndi zotsatira za mayesero ena ndi kuunika (monga kukhazikika, kutetezedwa kwa chitetezo, kumva kwa khungu), kumathandiza wopanga kusankha njira zabwino kwambiri komanso kutsogolera kupititsa patsogolo kwa mapangidwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-03-2021